| 3 C | Club shortage |
| 3 D | Diamond shortage |
| 3 H | Heart shortage |
| 3 S | No shortage, 17+ points |
| 3N | No shortage, 14+ - 16 points |
| 4 C | Good second suit |
| 4 D | Good second suit |
| 4 H | Good second suit |
| 4 S | No shortage, minimum opening (12 - 14- points) |
| Pass | Club or diamond shortage |
| Double | Heart shortage |
| 3 S | No shortage, more than minimum hand |
| etc. |
| Pass | Club or Diamond shortage |
| Double | Spade shortage |
| 3 N | No shortage, more than minimum hand |
| etc. |